Micro Emulsions: An Overview And Pharmaceutical Applications
Abstract
Micro emulsions are clear, stable, isotropic mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a co-surfactant. Micro emulsions act as potential drug carrier systems for oral, topical, and parenteral administration. They offer the advantage of spontaneous formation, ease of manufacturing and scale-up, thermodynamic stability, and improved drug solubilization and bioavailability. Knowledge of the various methods available to thoroughly characterize a microemulsion system is essential. While microemulsion is used in several fields, in this review the pharmaceutical applications are emphasized. Micro emulsions are one of the best candidates as novel drug delivery system because of their long shelf life, improved drug solubilization with ease of preparation and administration. They have emerged as novel vehicles for drug delivery which allow controlled or sustained release for ocular, percutaneous, topical, transdermal, and parenteral administration of medicaments. The main objective of this review paper is to discuss Micro emulsions as drug carrier system with other possible applications.
Keywords:
Microemulsion, Oil, Water, Vehicle, Surfactant, Drug Delivery
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References
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36. Syamasri Gupta and S.P. Moulik. Biocompatible microemulsions and their prospective uses in drug delivery. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2008; 97:22-45.
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38. Talegaonkar S and Mishra P. Intranasal delivery: An approach to bypass the blood brain barrier. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 36:140-147.
39. Hasse. A. and Keipert S. Development and characterisation of microemulsions for ocular application. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaeutics 1997; 43;179-183.
2. Narang AS, Delmarre D, Gao D: Stable drug encapsulation in micelles and micro emulsions. Int J Pharm 2007; 345: 9-25.
3. Yuan Y, Li S-M, Mo F-K, D-F Zhong: Investigation of micro emulsion system for transdermal delivery of meloxicam. Int J Pharm 2006; 321: 117-123.
4. Ktistis, G., Niopas, I., 1998: A study on the in-vitro percutaneous absorption of propranolol from disperse systems. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 50, 413-418.
5. Kreilgaard, M., Pedersen, E.J., Jaroszewski, J.W: NMR characterization and transdermal drug delivery potential of micro emulsion systems. J. Control. Release 69, 421-433.
6. Gasco, M.R., Gallarate, M., Pattarino, F., 1991: In vitro permeation of azelaic acid from viscosized micro emulsions. Int. J. Pharm. 69, 193-196.
7. Kriwet, K., Müller-Goymann, C.C: Diclofenac release from phospholipid drug systems and permeation through excised human stratum corneum. Int. J. Pharm. 125, 231-242.
8. Trotta, M: Influence of phase transformation on indomethacin release from micro emulsions. J. Control. Release 60, 399-405.
9. Alvarez-Figueroa, M.J., Blanco-Méndez, J: Transdermal delivery of methotrexate: iontophoretic delivery from hydrogels and passive delivery from microemulsions. Int. J. Pharm. 215,57-65.
10. Kayes F. B. Disperse systems In Pharmaceutics: The Science of Dosage Form Design. International Student Edition Ed: Aulton. M.E. Churchill Livingstone 1999;110.
11. Emsap. W.J. et al. Disperse Systems in Modern Pharmaceutics. Fourth Edition. Ed: Banker. G.S. Rhodes, C.T. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York. 2002;p260.
12. Sarkhejiya Naimish A et al. Emerging Trend of Micro emulsion in Formulation and Research. International Bulletin of Drug Research. 2000; 1 (1):54-83.
13. Kunieda H. et al. The Journal of Physical Chemistry 1988; 92:185.
14. 14. Mukherjee K. et al. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1997; 187:327.
15. Aboofazeli R and Lawrence M.J. Investigations into the formation and characterization of phospholipid microemulsions. I. Pseudo- ternary phase diagrams of systems containing water- lecithin-alcohol-isopropyl myristate. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 1993; 93:161-175.
16. JhaSajal Kumar et al. Micro emulsions- Potential Carrier for Improved Drug Delivery. Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia 2011; 1(2): 25-31.
17. JhaSajal Kumar et al. Microemulsions- Potential Carrier for Improved Drug Delivery. Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia 2011; 1(2): 25-31.
18. Vyas S P. Theory and practice in novel drug delivery system. CBS Publishers New Delhi. 2009;p115.
19. Prince L. M. A theory of aqueous emulsions I. Negative interfacial tension at the oil/water interface. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1976; 23: 165- 173.
20. Martin A. Coarse Dispersions in Physical Pharmacy. Fourth Edition B.I. Waverly Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. 1994;p495.
21. Rao Y.S. et al. Microemulsions: A Novel Drug Carrier System. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 2009; 1(2):39-41.
22. Grampurohit N. et al. Microemulsions for Topical Use-A Review. Indian Journal of PharmaceuticalEducationand Research 2011; 45(1):100-107.
23. Shaji J. and Reddy M.S. Microemulsions as drug delivery systems. Pharma Times 2004; 36 (7): 17 -24.
24. Kayes F.B. Disperse systems In Pharmaceutics: The Science of Dosage Form Design. International Student Edition Ed: Aulton. M.E.; Churchill Livingstone 1999;p110.
25. Sushama Talegaonkar et al. Microemulsions: A Novel approach to enhanced drug delivery. Recent patents on drug delivery and formulation.2008; 2:238-257.
26. Shafiqun Nabi S. et al. Formulation development and optimization using nanoemulsion technique: A technical note. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 2007; 8:1-6.
27. Park K M and Kim C K. Preparation and evaluation of flurbiprofen loaded Microemulsions for parental delivery. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 1999; 181: 173-179.
28. Peira E. and Transdermal permeation of apomorphine through hairless mouse skin from microemulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2001; 226:47-51.
29. Rhee Y S. et al. Transdermal delivery of ketoprofen using Microemulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2001; 226: 161-170.
30. Ashok Patel and Pradeepvavia R. Preparation and In-vivo Evaluationof Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System Containing fenofibrate. The AAPS Journal 2007; 226: 344-352.
31. Peltola S. et al. Microemulsions for topical delivery of estradiol. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2003; 254:99-107.
32. Hsiu-O Ho. et al. Preparation of microemulsions using polyglycerol fatty acid esters as surfactant for the delivery of protein drugs. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1996; 85:138-143.
33. Corswant C. et al. Triglyceride-based microemulsion for intravenous administration of sparingly soluble substances. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1998; 87:200-208.
34. Dreher F. et. al. Interaction of a lecithin microemulsion gel with human stratum corneumand its effect on transdermal transport. Journal of Controlled Release 1997; 45:131140.
35. Lv FF. et al. Studies on the stability of the chloramphenicol in the microemulsion free of alcohols. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaeutics 2006; 62:288-294.
36. Syamasri Gupta and S.P. Moulik. Biocompatible microemulsions and their prospective uses in drug delivery. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2008; 97:22-45.
37. Shiokawa T. et al. Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Linker Chain Length of Folate-Linked Microemulsions Loading Aclacinomycin A on Targeting Ability and Antitumor Effect In itro and In vivo. Clinical Cancer Research 2005;p11.
38. Talegaonkar S and Mishra P. Intranasal delivery: An approach to bypass the blood brain barrier. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 36:140-147.
39. Hasse. A. and Keipert S. Development and characterisation of microemulsions for ocular application. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaeutics 1997; 43;179-183.
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01-05-2020
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Sk A, Sk NM, P CB, Konda RK, V VN. Micro Emulsions: An Overview And Pharmaceutical Applications. World Journal of Current Med and Pharm Research [Internet]. 2020May1 [cited 2024Dec.6];2(2):201-5. Available from: https://wjcmpr.com/index.php/journal/article/view/125
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